The Parisian club has now secured the prestigious cup on fourteen separate occasions.
The Parisian giants required a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown featuring the French league winners and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring early on.
However, the southern French side fired two times in the closing moments to take a surprise lead. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial leveler in the final moments to send the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving crucial attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all converted with composure for PSG to seal a convincing shootout win.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the past 13 seasons.